Top Bharatiya Janata Party leaders, including Modi, have campaigned heavily to win West Bengal for the first time and dislodge the state’s chief minister, Mamata Banerjee, as well as retain power in northeastern Assam state.
The vote comes as tens of thousands of farmers have rattled Modi’s government with prolonged protests on the fringes of the capital, New Delhi.
AdKailash Vijayvargia, a BJP leader, rejected Banerjee's criticism and said she was just rattled by the growing popularity of the BJP party in the state.
In southern India, Modi's BJP party is vying for a third spot in Kerala, currently ruled by a Communist Party-led government.
And in legislative elections in Tamil Nadu, both the BJP and Congress have allied with powerful regional parties as junior partners.