Pfizer’s vaccine trial in children under the age of 12 is already underway.

The Food and Drug Administration advisory panel unanimously voted Friday afternoon to recommend the Johnson & Johnson’s COVID-19 vaccine for an emergency use authorization. For eight hours, the group of independent experts had reviewed the safety and efficacy of the vaccine. READ: FDA finds Johnson & Johnson vaccine effectively prevents COVIDWhile the Johnson & Johnson vaccine is less effective than Pfizer and Moderna’s vaccines, the experts noted that no one who received the Johnson & Johnson vaccine was hospitalized or died from coronavirus. READ: Here’s what makes J&J vaccine different than the othersAdStudies in children are planned with the older group of children expected to begin receiving the vaccine as soon as early March. There are also additional studies planned in immunocompromised people.

After a Phase 3 trial, officials said a vaccine from Oxford University and Astrazeneca pharmaceutical company is up to 90% effective. The results were based on trials in the United Kingdom and Brazil before the trials start in the United States. When the vaccine was given as a half dose followed by a full dose at least a month later, it was 90% effective. READ: FDA grants emergency use authorization for Regeneron’s COVID-19 antibody cocktailKaul said the University of Michigan has been enrolling patients in the trial for several weeks now. “While there’s a lot of controversy around vaccines, there really isn’t any controversy around vaccines in the medical community.

As of this report, there are 23 coronavirus vaccines being tested in humans. Researchers cannot deliberately expose people, so the vaccines are tested in places where the virus is circulating at higher levels in the community. Related: First COVID-19 vaccine tested in US poised for final testingIf a large number of participants are naturally exposed, researchers could have their answer fairly quickly. However, if that doesnt happen there are people signing up to step in and volunteer to become exposed. They are agreeing to participate in challenge trials.Right now, researchers believe they can test the virus vaccines without these challenge trials due to the number of hot spots around the country and world.

They said its vaccine induced antibody responses in all 45 participants in the first phase of testing. Related: First COVID-19 vaccine tested in US poised for final testingAccording to the New England Journal of Medicine, each participant received two vaccinations, 28 days apart. The researched said all participants developed neutralizing antibodies after the second dose. The study said antibodies were up to four times the amount found in patients who have recovered from COVID-19. Our vaccine generates neutralizing antibodies to levels that seem to be higher than what you get with a typical infection, said Dr. Tal Zaks, Moderna Chief Medical Officer.

(AP) – An experimental vaccine against the coronavirus showed encouraging results in very early testing, triggering hoped-for immune responses in eight healthy, middle-aged volunteers, its maker announced Monday. The kind of detailed antibody results needed to assess responses are only available on eight volunteers so far. Worldwide, about a dozen vaccine candidates are in the first stages of testing or nearing it. Health officials have said that if all goes well, studies of a potential vaccine might wrap up by very late this year or early next year. ___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education.